Sunday, December 29, 2019

Feminist Criticism of James Joyces the Boarding House

Feminist Criticism: The Boarding House Throughout James Joyce’s â€Å"The Boarding House†, women appear in stereotypical, subordinate roles. This may lead the reader to think that Joyce is an anti-feminist writer, however this is not the case. This work is an honest, insightful look at the role women played in turn of the century Ireland. Joyce carefully illustrates the plight of women in this setting and because he educates the audiences about the subservient role of women, he could be considered a pro-feminist writer. Joyce fights patriarchal society by using characters such as Mrs. Mooney and Polly Mooney. Joyce uses these characters to examine the unjust and exploitive circumstances surrounding women at this time, and to compare the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"At last, when she judged it to be the right moment, Mrs. Mooney intervened.† One could also argue that Mrs. Mooney was using her daughter as a sex object to attract young men to her boarding house. She would allow her daughter to fl irt with men and sing, â€Å"I’m a †¦naughty girl. You needn’t sham: You know I am.† Further evidence of this is that Mrs. Mooney is referred to as â€Å"The Madam,† a title given to a woman in charge of a brothel. This could also be another reason why Polly was taken out of her job as a typist. Mrs. Mooney would never prostitute her daughter, it is obvious that she cares too much for her but it is possible that she used Polly’s flirtatious habits to her own ends. However, unlike Mrs. Mooney, other mothers are described as accepting money in exchange for covering up an affair. This is one of the worst cases of objectification, as it compares a young woman’s honor to a sum of money. â€Å"Some mothers would be content to patch up such an affair for a sum of money.† This is an example of female subtext; unseen characters are treated worse than the main characters. Another example of female subtext is the servant, Mary. It is not re vealed whether she is married, but if she is not, then she leads the most tragic life of all the female characters in the story, as she would barely be able to provide a living forherself. This servant, like many house makers of this time is trapped in a prison of routine. Joyce uses objectification and subordinateShow MoreRelatedLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pages Bildungsroman From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (German pronunciation: [ˈbÉ ªldÊŠÅ‹s.Ê oËÅ'maË n]; German: novel of formation, education, culture),[a] novel of formation, novel of education,[2] or coming-of-age story (though it may also be known as a subset of the coming-of-age story) is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of the protagonist from youth to adulthood (coming of age),[3]

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Essay - 1266 Words

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be a very serious and debilitating condition that occurs after a person has been exposed to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical danger happened or was threatened. The kinds of traumatic events triggering PTSD in people include violent personal assaults (rape, mugging), natural disasters (hurricanes, tornadoes), man-made disasters (bombings), accidents or military combat. People who suffer from PTSD often relive the experience through nightmares and flashbacks, have difficulty sleeping, and feel detached or estranged, and these symptoms can be severe enough and last long enough to significantly impair a person’s daily life. PTSD is a complicated†¦show more content†¦Rates of PTSD are much higher in post-conflict settings such as Algeria (37%), Cambodia (28%), Ethiopia (16%), and Gaza (18%)(de Jong et al., 2001). The first stressor criterion specifies that a person has been exposed to a catastrophic event involving actual or threatened death or injury. The second criterion, or intrusive recollection, includes symptoms that are distinctive and easily identified of PTSD. These emotions manifest in daytime fantasies, traumatic nightmares, and psychotic reenactments know as flashbacks. The third criteria, avoidant/numbing, consists of symptoms that reflect behavioral, cognitive, or emotional strategies the PTSD patients use in an attempt to reduce the likelihood that they will expose themselves to trauma-related stimuli. The fourth criteria, hyper-arousal, most closely resembles those seen in panic and generalized anxiety disorders. While symptoms such as insomnia and irritability are generic anxiety symptoms, hyper-vigilance and startle are more characteristic of PTSD. The fifth criteria, duration, specifies how long symptoms must persist in order to qualify for a PTSD diagnosis. The last criter ia, functional significance, specify that the survivor must experience significant social, occupational, or other distress as a result of these symptoms. Since 1980, there has been a great deal of attention devotedShow MoreRelatedPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )994 Words   |  4 PagesPosttraumatic stress disorder, also known as PTSD, is a psychological problem that according to Nebraska Department of Veterans’ Affairs, in 2007, 7.8 percent of Americans will experience at some point in their lives. Posttraumatic stress disorder has a range of symptoms that affects the life of the person who suffers from the disorder and close friends and family. However, there is hope for the person suffering from PTSD and six different theoretical models to choose from. Posttraumatic stressRead MorePtsd And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder1216 Words   |  5 PagesPTSD or Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a growing concern with our returning soldiers. As technology is advancing, battles are becoming more and more gruesome. The scars from defending your country are not only physical. Some scars may not be visible, but are even more dangerous. The trauma imbedded in these men and women’s heads will cause pain for them and their entire family. The dictionary definition of PTSD is a serious condition that can develop after a person has experienced or witnessedRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )2353 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract Individuals that show to have Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are significantly affected both mentally and emotionally due to the exposure to a traumatic event. PTSD is a life-long disorder that is being seen diagnosed more and more among returning soldiers and sexually-violated individuals. Because of its increased detection, the importance of constructing effective treatments for individuals living with PTSD is becoming increasingly recognized. Although effectively treating PTSD hasRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )2078 Words   |  9 Pagesadults who experience traumatic events this year will go on to develop Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. It is estimated that 31 million United States citizens are suffering from the disorder at any given moment. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is one of the world’s most prominent psychological issues, despite the fact that several people are not even familiar with its name. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that may occur after experiencing traumatizing events or being involvedRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Traumatic Stress Disorder1500 Words   |  6 PagesPosttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Sacle: A Review Within the human experience, there has always been a risk of exposure to both physical and psychological trauma. The threat of violence, personal tragedies, and economic and social catastrophes are all possible triggers for an onset of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). What was once reserved as a diagnosis for veterans has been found to affect both young and old. The development of various assessment tools have been used in diagnosing PTSD andRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1514 Words   |  7 PagesDescription Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is defined as â€Å"a condition that generates waves of anxiety, anger, aggression, depression and suspicion; threatens a person’s sense of self; and interferes with daily life functioning† (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle Cheever, 2010, p. 99). As human beings, we are built with different type of emotions and feelings that can endanger us or benefit us. When faced with a traumatic life event, an individual will either overcome the event and become strongerRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder And Its Holocaust2899 Words   |  12 Pages Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and its Victims By: Madeline Fox Dr. Kappas PSY A345 November 29,2014 Abstract Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a very common condition in which the client shows certain symptoms. The condition is based off of traumatic experiences and if not treated properly can have some very serious life threatening issues. Also it is important to note that this condition can occur to anyone at any point in their lives. All it takes is one little mishap and dependingRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )3006 Words   |  13 PagesPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder that may occur in some people following a traumatic event. PTSD and depression often coexist due to the similar characteristics of PTSD and depression as well as the nature of a traumatic event inducing PTSD as well as depressive symptoms per DSM-5 guidelines. PTSD has been noted to coexist with diabetes as well in several research studies. The etiology, prevalence, and symptoms of PTSD, depression and PTSD associated withRead MoreSmoking and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder2061 Words   |  8 PagesSmoking rates are particularly high among patients diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a mental health condition triggered by a traumatic event (Hawkins Cougle, 2013). Although the literature recognizes the trends in smoking rates in such patients, few researchers have examined the effects of nicotine on PTSD symptoms. This literature review focuses on the particular effects of nicotine on memory and attention that serve to increase specific symptoms of PTSD. One of the hallmarkRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1275 Words   |  6 PagesPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be defined as â€Å" a complex disorder in which a person’s memory, emotional responses, intellectual process, and nervous system have been disrupted by one or more traumatic experiences†(Swan Persis, 2016). It is trauma and stressor related, a disorder that depends on a factor outside a person. Types of events that can lead to t he development of PTSD include physical assault, rape and sexual assault, military combat, torture, mass violence, natural disasters

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Customer Behavior Study

Question: What is the main idea of the TED conference topic? Present and discuss the connections and comparisons of key points with that of consumer behavior from marketer and consumer perceptions Which theories from the textbook apply to the presentation, and what examples can be used to enhance and improve upon the messages and communication aspect between organizations and consumers' responses? Provide at least two real-world examples in which the marketing message might be or could have been improved upon by applying the ideas identified in the TED presentation? Answer: Introduction The topic of consumer behavior is an interesting topic. Customer behavior study is based on consumer buying behavior, with the customer playing the three distinct roles of user, payer and buyer.In the TED conference video, Simon Sinek discussed the way leaders inspire actions. The consumer behavior is driven by needs and emotions. In most of the cases they would not be interested in the What of the product but they would be interested in the Why of the product. In the video, Simon took the example of Apple Inc. and other companies. Apple is a known brand in different parts of the world. However, Apple does not sell its products but it sells the idea, it sells the belief. It is important that consumer should be able to associated themselves with the promise that brand provides. The same concept could be applied to internal consumers (employees) also. Today, employees do not want to work only for salary and paychecks. It is important that employer should generate a belief among employe es. It is important that employer should be able to share the common mission and vision with its employees. Analysis In the TED conference video, Simon Sinek explained the theory of Golden Circle. Simon Sinek has a simple but powerful model for inspirational leadership all starting with a golden circle and the question "Why?" His examples include Apple, Martin Luther King, and the Wright brothers. He created a Golden Circle with three layers. These layers from outside to inside are: What: What the product is all about? It would include the attributes of products and all the tangibles. It is about What organization does. How: It would include the way product is created and it includes How organization does. Why: It is the center most layer and the most important attribute. It includes the Why. It is the reason of organizations existence and this explains the reasons for which organization exists. Most of the times organizations are focused only on outer layers that would include What and How. It means that organizations would define their core competency in terms of product attributes and product features (Hollebeek). Organizations would then focus to inspire consumers with their USP (Unique Selling Proposition) that is product based. These organizations can get the success. However these organizations would not be able to reach a position of market leader. There are very few organizations that would actually go to Why level and would discuss the reasons for their existence. It is important that the purpose or the cause of the existence of organizations should be clear to different stakeholders. An organization, which is able to define and communicate the cause or purpose of its existence, would be able to develop a loyal customer base. In order to reach out to customers, organizations should also modify their messaging strategy. The marketing message and the positioning statement of organizations should not start with the What of the product but it must address the Why of the product. It is important that organization should be able to share their purpose and beliefs and consumers. The mission statement or the marketing message should not only focus on the product attributes. It is important that marketing message should take inside out approach. It means that marketing message should start with the Why of the product and then it should come to product attributes and features (Hofstede, 2011). The large and multinational organizations have understood this concept and they have modified their marketing message. For example, the advertisement of Audi would not speak about the product attributes but it would talk about the need that brand satisfies. The objective of company is to create brand awareness and recognition, helping Audi with customer acquisition, customer retention, and even building their brand inside their own organization. Link to marketing message: https://www.marketingmagazine.co.uk/article/1181742/audi-latest-campaign-pushes-style-substance-message The traditional theory of marketing and consumer behavior suggests that needs and wants are finite in nature and needs could not be created. It is the role of marketers to make consumers analyze their needs. This theory suggests that customers could realize their needs with the emotions and feelings of buying a brand and the product attribute come later (Thorsteinsson, 2012). Another theory of consumer behavior explains that the new products in the market are first tested by innovators and early adapters. These people are ready to take risks and try out new products because they believe in the promise of organizations (Hogg, 2011). The organizations also share their cause and reasons with this group. The two real-world examples in which the marketing message might be or could have been improved upon by applying the ideas identified in the TEDpresentationcan be discussed as: Example 1: McDonald Link to advertisement: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LJvV4dHtHA This is a really good advertisement of McDonald in which it is not talking about its burgers or fries. It can be observed that advertisement has not at all mentioned about any of the attributes of its products. However, the advertisement does talks about the sentiments and emotions connected with brand. This advertisement starts with Why. It shows that the motto of the company is customer satisfaction. The company believes to provide best possible services to customers. This is a small advertisement that captures the viewers addition. If something has to be added in this advertisement or marketing message then it would be little bit How or What of the product. McDonald could have ended the advertisement with the unique feature of its product or it could have shown the way company focuses to provide healthy food to its customers. Example 2: Hyundai i30 Link to advertisement: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-7UprbfULY This is also a very good advertisement from Hyundai about its i30 car. This is a car specific advertisement still Hyundai does not starts the advertisements with product attributes. The marketing message starts with what customer wants. This advertisements touch upon the values that this car could provide to consumers (Kruglanski, 2012). It is very late in the advertisement when Hyundai mentions about the attributes of its car. The marketing message talks about the comfort that this could provide and the design of the car. If one aspect has to be change in the marketing strategy that it would be the What part. Hyundai could have mentioned about the product attributes in the end of the advertisement. Conclusion With the above discussion, it can be said that marketing and study of consumer behavior is an art. It is not easy for organizations to develop their marketing message in a way that could appeal to customers. It is recommended that the marketing strategy of organizations should not be based on the product attributes but it should be based on the needs and wants that organization can satisfy. It is important that organization should first generate belief among all its employees and then this belief should be transformed to end consumers. Organizations must be clear about the cause or their purpose and the same purpose should be communicated to consumers. References Brodie, R. J., Ilic, A., Juric, B., Hollebeek, L. (2013). Consumer engagement in a virtual brand community: An exploratory analysis.Journal of Business Research,66(1), 105-114. De Mooij, M., Hofstede, G. (2011). Cross-cultural consumer behavior: A review of research findings.Journal of International Consumer Marketing,23(3-4), 181-192. Kopetz, C. E., Kruglanski, A. W., Arens, Z. G., Etkin, J., Johnson, H. M. (2012). The dynamics of consumer behavior: A goal systemic perspective.Journal of Consumer Psychology,22(2), 208-223. Page, T., Thorsteinsson, G., Ha, J. G. (2012). Using colours to alter consumer behaviour and product success.International Journal of Contents,8(1), 69-73. Penz, E., Hogg, M. K. (2011). The role of mixed emotions in consumer behaviour: Investigating ambivalence in consumers' experiences of approach-avoidance conflicts in online and offline settings.European Journal of Marketing,45(1/2), 104-132.